Tag: Poems

  • The Legend of Saint Catherine of Alexandria



    November 25 is the feast of Saint Catherine of Alexandria, one of the great eastern female martyrs. The story of Saint Catherine’s martyrdom was immensely popular in the medieval west and includes a fifteenth-century Irish version. In 2014 I posted a translation of a medieval Irish poem in honour of Saint Catherine here, below is a later poetic offering by a nineteenth-century Irish woman, Ellen O’Connell Fitzsimmon. I hadn’t heard of the author before but learnt here that she was actually a daughter of the Liberator himself, Daniel O’Connell. Our poetess tells us in the introduction to her work that she was inspired by a fresco in Saint Clement’s Basilica in Rome to give her own version of Saint Catherine’s martyrdom:


    THE LEGEND OF ST. CATHERINE OF ALEXANDRIA.

    By Ellen Fitzsimon (born O’Connell).
    INTRODUCTION.
    BENEATH Saint Clement’s venerated dome,
    Most perfect of the Basilics of Rome,
    (Where a good Irish friar hath done more
    Than all the rich and pious had before
    In many centuries), there met my sight
    A fresco painting, not long given to light,
    The which a noble, simple story told
    Of triumph by Saint Catherine won of old
    Against the heathen sages, and the day
    When for the Christian Faith she gave her
    life away.
    Recalling this, and many a glorious feat
    Of that great Saint, her legend I repeat.
    Laying my homage humbly at her feet.
    THE LEGEND.
    In Alexandria, centuries ago,
    Amid a circle of philosophers.
    Of solemn sages, throughout Egypt famed.
    With others from the walls of palmy Rome,
    And Greece’s classic clime, sate Catherine,
    A Christian virgin, stately, fair, and
    young.
    Descended of a high Imperial race.
    And further graced with genius’ golden
    gifts.
    Calmly she sate, and disputation held
    With all those mighty masters of the mind.
    Alike on sciences and curious arts,
    On all thy varied forms. Philosophy!
    And higher still. Theology divine.
    In admiration, mixed with awe, the crowd
    Of listeners hung upon her silvery tones.
    The while with wondrous eloquence she spake
    The might, the majesty of Heaven’s ways
    Revealed to man ! refuting thoroughly
    All arguments, however plausible,
    By her opponents brought forth to support
    The worn-out faith on fable solely founded.
    On fable, feeble, foolish, and unclean!
    At length the pseudo-sages — struggling
    still
    Against conviction, nor content to own
    Defeat, except by silence — suddenly
    Broke up the assembly, on some poor
    pretence.
    And each departed, feeling envious hate
    Invade his inmost soul against Catherine,
    Who thus had humbled them before the
    people.
    She meantime to her very palace doors
    Was by the shouting citizens attended
    As in a triumph. Then, the crowd once gone,
    She sought her secret cell, to purity.
    To constant faith, true love, and hope
    divine.
    Kept sacred. There, before the crucifix
    Kneeling, she cried, “To Thee, to Thee, O
    Lord,
    The glory and the praise, that Thou hast
    lent
    Thy handmaid power to triumph in Thy name”.
    Not many days now passed, ere to the city
    Came Maximin, the tyrant Emperor.
    Soon summoned to his court were all the
    nobles,
    And all the brave, the youthful and the
    fair ;
    Amongst them Catherine, as a kinswoman
    Of the Imperial Caesar, held high place,
    No less than for her bearing and her
    genius.
    Scarce had the Emperor beheld the maid
    When love (as fierce as hate) possessed his
    soul!
    Oh, no! not love, but passion, such as
    fills
    The brindled panther s panting breast, for
    her
    His bright-eyed, cruel co-mate of the woods
    !
    All unaccustomed, save to swift success,
    He signified his feelings, doubting not
    Of joyful acceptation, Catherine,
    Without or exultation or disdain.
    Declined his suit. Fired fourfold by
    repulse,
    He, who at first had nothing meant in
    honour.
    Now cried, ” Thou surely dost not
    understand
    That Caesar woos thee for his bride, his
    Empress”
    Still calm, unmoved, the maid rejected him;
    For she had bound herself by secret vow
    The bride of Heaven alone, nor would resign
    For earthly throne the virgin’s privilege
    To follow in the path the Lamb doth tread.
    Foaming with fury, yet not daring aught
    Against a daughter of Imperial line.
    The tyrant saw her leave his courtly halls.
    The while he cried, “Oh! for a safe
    revenge
    On this insulting woman!”
    Since this earth
    First ran its destined course around the
    sun.
    Was never wanting to a tyrant’s rage
    Fit instrument  false philosopher,
    Of those whom Catherine lately overcame,
    Gladly embraced the occasion offered him
    To work her evil. To the infuriate Caesar
    Did he denounce her as blasphemer ‘gainst
    The gods of Rome, of Athens, and of Egypt,
    As being that most vile of all vile things,
    A Christian! Summoned to the dread
    tribunal
    Of Maximin, who triumphed in the thought
    Of humbling her, came now without delay
    The lovely lady. Stately and serene
    Did she approach, and, questioned of her
    faith,
    Unhesitating owned herself a Christian.
    The Emperor, his passion moved anew at
    sight
    Both of her beauty and unflinching courage,
    Offered her life and freedom on condition
    That she unto the gods made sacrifice.
    Again rejected, he went further still,
    Promising safety, liberty of faith,
    If she would only bless him with her hand.
    Needs not to say what Catherine replied ;
    Enough that in his rage he sentenced her
    Instant to perish by a fearful death,
    By cruel torture on a whirling wheel 
    His orders were obeyed. Amid the groans
    Of many, and the secret tears of more.
    The maid, upon whose brow sate peace and
    joy,
    Was bound upon the wheel, while Maximin,
    Panting for vengeance, loudly called upon
    The executioner to do his duty.
    The wretch approached to turn the fatal
    wheel.
    To which the maiden was already bound.
    When, lo! a miracle! As struck by
    lightning.
    The horrid engine into pieces fell;
    And Catherine, her arms crossed on her
    breast.
    Stood, calmly there, uninjured and unbound!
    Then rose up to the firmament a shout
    Of jubilee from all the multitude,
    “The gods forbid that Catherine should
    die!”
    And breaking through the strongest barriers
    They placed the virgin on a lofty car,
    And drew her with rejoicing to her home!
    The tyrant dared not then oppose the people
    In their wild moment of enthusiasm ;
    But when dark night enwrapped the
    slumbering city
    Was Catherine seized, and secretly conveyed
    To prison by his orders. There some days
    She languished in the deepest of the
    dungeons.
    Thence, still in silence and in secrecy,
    Brought forth at dawn, she perished by the
    sword,
    Her latest breath breathed out in prayer
    and praise !
    Towards morn, a rumour of the virgin’s
    death
    Spread through the city, whence derived
    none knew :
    Nor did the people dare to speak aloud
    Their doubts and fears upon the matter now
    ;
    For Maximin with arm’d satellites
    Had filled each public square and
    market-place,
    And made the craven-hearted people quail
    By vast display of force.
    The night had come.
    The dead of night. The city slumbering lay;
    No star shone sparkling in the firmament.
    But, like a pall, hung darkness on the
    earth:
    When lo! a sound such as no instrument.
    No trumpet, save archangel’s, e’er gave
    out,
    So sadly sweet, so thrilling, terrible.
    Roused sudden from their sleep the citizens;
    While, high in air, a dazzling, blinding
    light
    Shone, ‘neath whose glare the Pagans, all
    aghast.
    Fell prone to earth, the while the
    Christians saw
    A band of bright-wing’d angels cleave the
    sky,
    Bearing the body of Saint Catherine
    And chanting hymns of triumph as they flew,
    Until they reached the summit of a hill
    Where they deposited their holy charge
    In safety on a spot where, long years
    after,
    A church and monastery were up-raised.
    Who owned Saint Catherine for their
    Patroness,
    Their pious intercessor with the Lord!
    Such is the legend handed down to us 
    In truth and wisdom from the ancient days.

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  • The Testament of Saint Arbogast

    July 21 is the feast of Saint Arbogast, an Irish saint who laboured in Strassburg. Below is a poem in his honour composed by the Irish born poet, Thomas D’Arcy McGee (1825-1868). It deals with the final testament of Saint Arbogast, as he lay on his deathbed:

    THE TESTAMENT OF ST. ARBOGAST.

    St. Arbogast, the bishop, lay

    On his bed of death in Strasburg Palace,
    And, just at the dawn of his dying day,
    Into his own hands took the chalice;
    And, praying devoutly, he received
    The blessed Host, and thus address’d
    His chapter who around him grieved.
    And sobbing, heard his last request.

    Quoth he; — “The sinful man you see
    Was born beyond the western sea.
    In Ireland, whence, ordain’d, he came,
    In Alsace, to preach in Jesus’ name.
    There, in my cell in Hagueneau,
    Many unto the One I drew;
    There fared King Dagobert one day,
    With all his forestrie array,
    Chasing out wolves and beasts unclean,
    As I did errors from God’s domain;
    The king approached our cell, and he
    Esteem’d our assiduity:
    And, when the bless’d St. Amand died.
    He called us to his seat and sighed.
    And charged us watch and ward to keep
    In Strasburg o’er our Master’s sheep.

    “Mitre of gold we never sought
    Cope of silver to us was nought —
    Jewel’d crook and painted book
    We disregarded, but, perforce, took.
    Ah! oft in Strasburg’s cathedral
    We sighed for one rude cell so small,
    And often from the bishop’s throne
    To the forest’s depths we would have flown.
    But that one duty to Him who made us
    His shepherd in this see, forbade us.

    “And now “— St. Arbogast spoke slow
    But words were firm, tho’ voice was low —
    “God doth require His servant hence.
    And our hope is His omnipotence.
    But bury me not, dear brethren, with
    The pomp of torches or music, sith
    Such idle and unholy slate
    Should ne’er on a Christian bishop wait; –
    Leave cope of silver and painted book
    Mitre of gold and jewel’d crook
    Apart in the vestry’s darkest nook;
    But in Mount Michael bury me.
    Beneath the felon’s penal tree –
    So Christ our Lord lay at Calvary.
    This do, as ye my blessing prize.
    And God keep you pure and wise! ”
    These were the words, they were the last,
    Of the blessed Bishop Arbogast.

    THOMAS D’ARCY MC GEE.

    Daniel Connolly. Ed., The Household Library of Ireland’s Poets, with Full and Choice Selections from the Irish-American Poets (New York, 1887), 703.

  • Teach me, O Trinity

    E. Hull Poem, Book of the Gael (1913)

    To mark Trinity Sunday, below is a poem taken from a 1913 collection of texts and translations by the Anglican writer Eleanor Hull (1860-1935). She is perhaps best known for her English versification of the hymn ‘Be Thou My Vision’. Miss Hull contributed translations from Old Irish to many of the scholarly journals of her day and published various books on early Irish history and mythology. The poem below, by the 12th/13th-century writer Muireadhach Albanach Ó Dálaigh, is a beautiful plea to the Holy Trinity:

    TEACH ME, O TRINITY

    By Murdoch O’Daly, called Murdoch “the Scotchman” (Muredach Albanach), on account of his affection for that country; born in Connaught towards the close of the twelfth century.

    TEACH me, O Trinity,

    All men sing praise to Thee, 
    Let me not backward be, 
    Teach me, O Trinity. 
    Come Thou and dwell with me, 
    Lord of the holy race; 
    Make here thy resting-place, 
    Hear me, O Trinity. 
    That I Thy love may prove. 
    Teach Thou my heart and hand. 
    Ever at Thy command 
    Swiftly to move. 
    Like to a rotting tree 
    Is this vile heart of me; 
    Let me Thy healing see, 
    Help me, O Trinity. 
    Sinful, beholding Thee; 
    Yet clean from theft and blood My hands; 
    O Son of God, 
    For Mary’s love, answer me. 
    In my adversity 
    No great man stooped to me, 
    No good man pitied me, 
    God ope’d His heart to me. 
    Lied I, as others lie. 
    They deceived, so have I, 
    On others’ lie I built my lie — Will my God pass this by? 
    Truth art Thou, truth I crave, 
    If on a lie I rest, I’m lost ; 
    My vow demands my uttermost; 
    Save, Trinity, O save!
    Eleanor Hull, ed. Poem Book of the Gael,  Translations from Irish Gaelic Poetry into English Prose and Verse, (London 1912), 156-157.

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